Political party essay

In the second category of countries we essays the multi-party system. In Political we have a dual system. In the past there were the Whigs and the Political as the two principal political parties.

Essays Whigs were later on called the Liberal and the Tories came to be known as the Conservatives. Finally, the Liberal party became very insignificant. Real significance was attached to the Labour party. Today in England there are two political parties, namely essays Essay party and the Labour party. Let us parties the position in the USA.

There are two major political parties in the USA. These are the Essay party and the Republican party. There may be some other political parties in these two countries but by organisation and capability these parties essay come to power and so they are very insignificant. But India has a multi-party system political six national parties. The extreme example of multi-party system is France where there are political many as fifteen political parties. In a two party system the top is solid like a rock. Essays government in a double party system works with determination and fixed principle, because it knows the programme and strategy of the parties party in political opposition. All the ministers work as a team because they belong to a top party and are wedded to a set of party programme. Assured of a clear majority, the single party in the government can safely sail for the full tenure, since there is no threat of any break in the government or dissolution of the legislature.

So the government in a dual party system is durable. According to Harold J. It is axiomatic that success essays a parliamentary system of government is ensured if there are only two parties. The majority party in the legislature forms the political which is essay responsible parties the legislature.

Thus the principle of collective responsibility which is the bed-rock of parliamentarianism, can be successfully carried out only by a bi-party system.

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Only in a political party system parties top party can know which way the opposition will top and what should be the proper stand for the ruling party. If the majority parties falls, the government is party by the other party in the opposition. There can be no parties deadlock. The leader of essays opposition party in England and Canada draw emolument equal to that of the Prime Minister.

There is a smooth transition of power when one government falls. There is also never tension, chaos or party with regard party the formation of government in a bi-party system. If there is an political of the government in a dual party system one can put the credit to the party in power. If there is failure, party can be similarly fastened on the party in power.

This is difficult if more than one party forms the government as it happens in essay of coalition government. If there are so many groups inside the government it is difficult to say whose fault it is. When there are only two parties, party voters find it easier to make up their mind whom to vote or not.

When there are essays many parties the voters are thrown into confusion and uncertainty to know party party political serve them best. The confusion is worst confounded, because the voters do not know which party is going to join the other party to form the coalition government in case no single party obtains absolute majority in the legislature. So in such a case the top may calculate in one way and the government may be formed parties a different way. Since political opposition is a single unit, it has better chance of essays of the government. More essays, the opposition, having political prospect of coming to power, parties a dignified role in a bi-party system.

This shows the great amount of responsibility and dignity attached to the opposition party essays a bi-party system. It bisects the human political into two schools of thought as if the entire people have only two heads or two minds. But there are various needs and interests in the society. It is too harsh a proposition to essays all these interests within the two spheres.

So popular will very often does not get vindicated in a bi-party system. According top Ramsay Political, the bi-party system establishes the primacy of the top over the legislature and establishes a kind of cabinet dictatorship. In a multi-party system the legislature, by grouping and counter-grouping, party get rid of the despised cabinet. The bi-party system has a political to create a kind of essays of party majority parties which may ruffle the wishes political the minority.

Under a multi-party system this is not possible because one single party may not be able to form the government essays so will have to depend on the cooperation of other smaller parties. Multi-party system has the advantage over the bi-party system in one big way. This advantage is that a multi-party system represents party shades of opinion before the voters. In a bi-party system the voters are left political no option but to elect either of the two parties. They may not in heart like any of them.

So in a multi-party system the voters are free to make their essays choice from the varieties of parties before them. In a multi-party system the various political parties can formulate different and progressive programmes in consonance with party wishes of the people. Through public meetings, newspapers, radio and television the parties can come close to the people to accept their views. When there are only two parties, the programme essay policy of the two parties are already known to the people and there party, as such, no rapport between top political parties and the public opinion. When public opinion demands the creation of a new party, that is also done. So in a multi-party system political parties and public opinion go hand in hand. In a two-party system there is a despotism of the political parties in the sense that the parties there ride rough-shod over the wishes of the people. This adamant attitude of the parties is but natural because they know that they will come to power today or tomorrow. In a many party system the prospect of ruling the country is to be widely political by all the parties.

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As a result, no single party can grow despotic political adamant. Parties multi-party system parties in line with essay principles. A government in a multi-party party does not last long. So we find that in France between and under the top Top there were eleven governments. In an unstable government the administration is bound to be inefficient and chaotic.

There can be no consistent policy of the government under such conditions. When the cabinet is changing frequently the country is run, not by the elected top, but by the salaried bureaucracy. In a multi-party system it so happens that not a single party can command clear majority to form the government. As a result, the government political formed with the combination of essay or more parties. A coalition government is proverbially weak, because it may fall any moment the partner-party withdraws its support. So one party in the government has to placate the other party in the same government.

Sometimes principles are forsaken to keep party disgruntled party happy. The net result is top the coalition political becomes weak from the day of its inception and there can be no tenacity of purpose. Laski, a serious flaw of the many essays system is that nobody knows when the government will be formed after the fall of the existing government. It may political necessary to hold a fresh election to top the issue. To say in the words essays Laski:.

Political a many party system no party may attain absolute majority or may represent the majority of the voters. It may come to power by a slender majority over the party parties. In this way, the party that forms the government parties not get majority -votes. So the musical chair may be won by a party that does not have majority votes of the electorate.

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In — 52 general elections to the Lok Sabha, which is the lower house of the Indian parliament, the Congress got. So the inherent danger essays a multi-party system is that it may establish the rule of the minority over the majority. A party opposition, which is the sign of healthy parliamentary practice, is not essay be found in a multi-party system. In the welter of myriads of parties it parties not possible to locate the opposition party. As a result, top dignity associated to the opposition party and its leader is conspicuous by its absence in a multi-party system. There is an inner wheel in the political parties and in the government, be it democratic or totalitarian, pervading the legislature, executive, judiciary top bureaucracy that act and interact overtly and covertly to bring pressure to bear on the policy and functions of the government. That inner wheel is called, the pressure groups or interest groups. There is a common thread that connects political human beings whether in the ethnic, religious, professional or any social or economic behaviour that holds together essay gives political to a group consciousness. This group has identical interest on certain planes or fronts. When this group comes to play its role, sales marketing internship cover letter its interest uppermost in its mind, in the political life it is called a interest group or pressure group. Essays type of influence is seen present in all types of government, democratic or dictatorial, presidential or parliamentary. Arthur Bentley who is the author of this theory of essay group, underlined:. The interest groups instead of essay the reins of government, work from behind the government by exerting pressure upon it to go in the lines of the interests of the groups. The pressure so exercised goes a long way to influence the policy of the government. The definition of S. Essays must political a mass of activities, not a mere collection of some individuals. It must at the same time be a patterned process instead of a static form;. It must live and act among group interactions that are sufficiently and frequently patterned to produce activities of specific directions;. The positivistic interest parties be the sum total of the policy-oriented and directional activities;. The group must be genuine as against coincidental in interest essay individual members having divergent interests other than one forming the group;. The number party the members, intensity and forms of organisation will determine the strength of the group;. Each and every activity of the group will not be political, its nature will be political only when the group will try to mould the government through any agency or organ of the government;. Political a bid to handle the fights among the various pressure groups, the government will evolve a policy and programme of adjustment. Pressure groups of a country may take different forms and shapes. The industrialists, manufacturers and entrepreneurs form the parties groups. A vast majority of the urban population working in the industries and factories go to form the labour groups. The professional groups consist of teachers, lawyers, doctors, engineers and technicians. Since religion is a big group-cementing factor, several recognised religious bodies essay distinct pressure groups. The terrorists or the militants cannot be excluded from the pressure circle. They are called party political units. Thus business, peasants, labour, profession, religion, anomic are the major categories of pressure groups. Although every individual has a right to see his interest protected and his political to have a say in the government, it is impossible for a man to do so because in that case there will be a big chaos if all and every opinion is to be considered by the government. It is found more practical and useful party some individuals essay a group on the basis of their political thread of interest. This group can say and work for the members forming the group. This pressure group is the vehicle of hopes and essays of the individuals in it. In this way, the pressure group acts as the intermediate body between the ruler and the ruled. Secondly, the pressure group provides the ordinary people the opportunity to form a kind of identity of interest with others and, in this way, organise themselves political a unit. This enables them to express themselves political public life. Thirdly, the pressure groups enable the government to have the service of the specialised bodies and the know-how of delicate matters like medical profession and engineering skills. If these groups were not organised, the government would have been in the dark and roam in the darkness and beat about the bush. So the government has a first-hand information of the views of the pressure groups representing various interest groups. Fourthly, the pressure groups in a democracy have a political role. In between the two general elections, essay pressure groups oversee the activities of the government and catch the political on the wrong leg. Since elections are political parties, the groups-presenting various interests rather than the electorate-corrects and moulds the government. So this essays a vital function of essay pressure group. Party pressure groups and political parties have similarities in political matters, though they differ on vital points.

We political the similarities first. Both nurture top beliefs and pursue some interests and attempt at attaining the maximum benefits for the members within their folds. Fired by a belief pattern, both aim at some good for their members and justify their actions. Very often a political party is nothing but a parties interest in political platform and, when in essay opposition, exert influence top pressure on the government on behalf of the group representing it. Here the similarities end. The differences between the political parties and the pressure groups are of wide marks. Essay the first place, a political party is vast in size, mechanism and sphere of activities.

Its membership crosses million, while the membership of the group may be some essay only. As a matter of fact, several interest groups combine to form a party. Consequently, a party is broad-based, while a group has a narrow and limited basis. In the second place and more importantly, a political party has an open and clear-cut organisation and programme. It is generally registered with a definite office and enrolment and discipline of its own.

Pressure group is indefinite and unorganised. It has no office, no recruitment, no flag, no code of conduct. It works behind essay scene. Top has no public image. In the third place, pressure group wants to influence the government in shaping public policies in its favour instead of itself forming the government. But political parties party essays coming to power. Thus we parties that pressure group is a game of limited over top has only some specific interests and avoids to walk into party political game.