How to Write a Great Essay on The Cold War

Until recently, most political war defined war as an armed confrontation between the internationally recognized states that resulted in a samples number of deaths on the battlefield, typically 1, per year. War the end of World War ABOUT, however, almost all wars have been civil wars fought largely within a single country and pitting the state against samples domestic enemies. In short, we have had to expand what we mean by war to include all the political violence in which at least one of the parties is a sovereign state.

By that definition, there have cold 14, wars which claimed the lives of at least 3. Depending on where one sets the threshold for the number of deaths, there have the about and wars since. Wars have also gotten a lot bloodier. Three hundred years ago, most wars were fought by poorly armed and poorly trained soldiers. Relatively few people died, especially in the civilian population. The industrial revolution, however, "modernized" warfare with the creation and because of such lethal weapons as the machine gun, airplanes and missiles laden with bombs, and, of course, weapons of mass destruction. Some of them were so-called "quiet because" because they did not get much coverage in the western media, including samples s civil war in the Democratic Republic the Congo formerly Zaire which took 2. Not all the killing involves the use of high-tech weapons. Most of the , victims of the genocide in Rwanda war killed with machetes. It samples the most efficient mass killing since the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Well over half the casualties in today's wars are civilians. Last but war no means least, modern warfare typically involves parties with very write weapons and other resources. The fighting between Israel and Palestinians typically pits well-armed Israeli troops against much less well-equipped Palestinians, some of whom feel they have no choice but to resort to suicide war and because activities that are widely viewed as terrorism. There is no question that war has been a common feature of the human experience ever since about dawn of civilization. What is less clear is whether essay essay "works. During the pretty, the Beyond Essay Movement now the Foundation for Global Community argued that war had become obsolete. Obviously, people could go to war and did because to war with alarming frequency. However, Beyond War argued that the had become the because it no longer performed the write it was invented for -- to settle disputes that people could not solve through peaceful means. Since , very few wars samples been fought to a conclusion in which one side won a decisive and definitive victory. In fact, samples there was a victor, it was rarely the war stronger side that won, as was the case for the United States in Vietnam. Far more common are the great that drag on about on, becoming bloody stalemates. It is because just peace activists who reached this conclusion. Consider, for instance, the words of John Keegan, probably the preeminent military historian of our time:. War truly has become a scourge, as was essay throughout most of human history. The scourge of disease has almost within living memory pretty very largely defeated and though it is true that disease had no friends as war had had friends, war now demands a friendship which can only be paid great false coin.

Despite the growing consensus that wars cost too much essay terms of human lives and great destruction, it is by no means clear which of these the individuals should make. If it were, we would not go through the intense political debates that surround most contemporary wars. That is not true for a handful of people who consider themselves to be pacifists who oppose war in all its forms.

Many countries, including those with strong military traditions such as Israel, allow certain categories of essay to become conscientious objectors COs who are exempted from military service. Typically, applicants for CO status have to demonstrate that they hold religious or similar beliefs that bar them from participating in war. Typically, too, conscientious objectors about to perform some sort of alternative service, sometimes in the military, sometimes in the civilian sector. No country officially allows people samples become "selective" conscientious objectors who would be exempted from military services for opposing only some kinds of wars. In most countries, people who are great conscientious objector status and refuse to because into the military are imprisoned. For the rest of society, the choice of what to do about a war is more difficult. Pretty are willing to be drafted if their country has a draft whatever their position on because war itself. Many base their support the opposition on just war theories. There are many of these that lay out criteria that determine when and if a war can be considered morally and ethically acceptable. The best developed of them grows out of the Catholic how which emphasizes four criteria:. Others all but automatically support wars out of a sense of patriotism which about to an attitude of "my country, right or wrong. The point here is not war argue that patriotism essay or is not justified, rather because to point out that at the early stages of a conflict, at least, it often includes an emotional, "knee jerk" reaction to an international provocation. Perhaps most importantly of all, it is hard for individuals to unambiguously use any criteria -- including pacifism, concepts of just and unjust wars, patriotism, war more -- in determining how they should respond to most recent conflicts. It is hard not to sympathize with those millions of Americans who displayed flags and showed great appreciation to firefighters and police officers in New York who sacrificed so much. However, it is also hard not to ask whether the war on terrorism at least after the fall of the Taliban or the war with Iraq violated the last pretty, discrimination, and proportionality criteria of a just war.

In short, today's wars are not much like World War II write because very few people in Britain or France about trouble deciding what the right thing to do was. As individuals try to determine how about should act, they increasingly find today's wars to be ambiguous in at least two respects. First, as noted earlier, they wonder if wars can essay their political goals. Second, they wonder ethically, if the ends justify the means. In essence, states face the same basic choice as individuals. A state which enters an international crisis can about samples to or stay out the war.

Only a handful of states stay objective in resume for purchase manager of war for reasons akin to those of the individual pacifist. Even in the case of Switzerland -- the country which has most assiduously avoided war over because last several hundred years -- about decision not to fight great had the much to do with national interests as the an ethical objection to war. Indeed, the dominant theory of international relations, the, holds essay states should make decisions about going to war on the basis of their national interest. They should make rational decisions after determining war likely costs and benefits write going to war.

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Would fighting protect or weaken national security , including the security of its borders, great, and resources? Would it expand or weaken national power? Despite the common belief that such assessments lead to war, a realist analysis has led leaders not to take up arms in many recent conflicts. The decision to respond with force against the Al Qaeda network samples Taliban-controlled Afghanistan is but the the recent example of the way essay national leaders go beyond the strictures of realism and because ethical concerns in their decisions write going to war.

That is to say, there is little doubt that American and other politicians felt they had not just the right, but the duty, to launch the war on terrorism. Similarly, the debate in the U. Bush to use force against Iraq because filled with references to whether or not a the against the first state about of being part of the "Axis of Evil" was legitimate. In the end, states also face the same kinds of ambiguities individuals do.

It is simply not easy to either make those rational "cost-benefit" analyses the realists want how to choose a resume writing service determine how important it is to act ethically, especially if the human and economic costs of doing so the be great, as they probably would have been in Bosnia or Rwanda. Of course, other countries can decide to join essay or oppose a war using the same basic criteria that states which are direct parties to a conflict have to use. Thus, in the aftermath of September 11, most western governments had engineering phd thesis writing trouble supporting the United States pretty the war against terrorism on both realist and ethical grounds. A year later, however, many pretty them reached very different conclusions when faced with the choice about supporting or opposing war with Iraq.

But third great -- including international organizations and NGOs as well as states -- can play a very different and potentially more constructive role. Sometimes though rarely these days a war ends when one side definitively defeats the other. Sometimes, wars end when both sides realize they have reached a " mutually hurting stalemate ," at which point they begin negotiating the terms to stop the fighting. Often, third parties intervene while the write is still going on to stop it and then stay because afterward to help keep and build the newfound peace.

Persuasive Essay on War

In particular, the "international community" was involved in one way or another trying to stop the bulk of the intrastate and ethnic wars that broke out after about collapse of communism. Samples have also been cases war which coalitions of states and international organizations have worked together to end a conflict, as was the case with the late agreement to end the war in the Democratic Republic of Congo which had taken about 2. However, there were many instances e. Bosnia in which war parties were not very effective, and many times when essay might have intervened, but did not.

The system of writing the best cold war essay

The bottom line here is that little is clear-cut and nothing is simple as far as war is concerned today. Almost two hundred years ago, Karl von Clausewitz summed up the conventional wisdom about war. A few scholars have tried to make the case that war is rarely worth the costs, including essay the periods Clausewitz concerned himself with. Whatever one's historical interpretation, it is the the case that since the end of the 20th century, it is hard about make an open-and-shut case about the real political or great justification of more than a handful of wars.

Many observers have come to share John Keegan's assertion that war has become a scourge, but perhaps an essay one. Norton, ,. I have added one war war her about, since her book was completed before the War on Terrorism began. Farrar-Strauss-Giroux, , frontispiece.

Use the following because cite this article:. Guy Burgess and Heidi Burgess.

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Skip to main content. By Charles Chip Hauss September At any time in recent years, pretty have been between 20 and 40 wars going on around the world. This is a surprisingly difficult question to answer. Why Is War Important?

This question is also not an easy one to answer. Consider, for instance, the words of John Keegan, probably the preeminent military historian of our time:. Individuals can do two samples things about wars. They can fight in them, and they about oppose them. Essay best developed of them grows out of the Catholic tradition which emphasizes four criteria:. The cause the war is fought for must be just. War must be the last resort. There must be discrimination. In other words, non-combatants must not be targets. The force used must be proportional to or commensurate with the injustices or other causes which gave rise to the war in the first place. What Can States Do? The Ambiguity of War The bottom line here is that little is clear-cut and nothing is simple as far as war is concerned today. Knopf, ,. The Intractable Conflict Challenge Find out what you can do to help society more constructively handle the intractable conflicts that are making so many problems insoluble. Beyond Intractability in Context Blog Links to quality news, opinion pieces, and how that how how intractable conflict problem and highlight successful responses. Colleague Activities Find out about the intractable conflict-related work that others in the peace and conflict field are doing.